A sparse whole-column formula should visit real cells, not materialize a million-cell rectangle.
Try this
Navigate deep into the data without filling unused cells.
Change an input and inspect the recalculated summary.
Compare the nominal column range with populated rows.
How it works
The formula engine keeps sparse references sparse. Range materialization is reserved for results that must actually land as an array, so a wide-looking formula does not imply a wide allocation.
/**
* Seed for the "performance" demo — a 100,000-row × 8-column generated
* dataset (800,000 data cells) loaded through the worker's chunked
* import-session API (`beginImport` / `importChunk` / `commitImport`),
* never through per-cell `setCell` calls (see `seed-formulas.ts` for that
* pattern, which is fine at ~20 cells but would be ~400,016 RPC round
* trips here).
*
* Mode choice — `direct`, not `atomic`: the WASM worker runtime caps
* `atomic` import sessions at `MAX_IMPORT_SESSION_NORMALIZED_CELLS`
* (200,000 cells; see `worker-runtime.ts`) because an atomic commit
* installs the whole staged batch as one full-sheet replace. `direct`
* mode has no such session-wide cap — each chunk lands additively in the
* live workbook via the engine's native `bulk_import_cells` batch call —
* so it is the only session mode that can reach the ~400k-cell target.
* The WASM/TS perf bench (`excel/solid-excel/test/perf-ts-vs-wasm-
* report.md`) measured `bulk_import_cells` on pure-literal batches at
* 887ms for 500,000 cells in one call; chunked at ~8,000 cells/call the
* total native cost for this seed's ~400k literal cells should land
* comfortably under a couple of seconds.
*
* Per-row formulas were deliberately NOT used for `revenue`: `direct`
* mode parses formula text eagerly per chunk (unlike `atomic`, which
* parks formula text unparsed until commit), and the same perf report